I hereby give My sanction to the Law concerning Temporary Measures of the Civil Code pursuant to the Enforcement of the Constitution of Japan for which the concurrence of the Imperial Diet has been obtained and cause the same to be promulgated.
御名御璽
Signed:HIROHITO, Seal of the Emperor
昭和二十二年四月十八日
This eighteenth day of the fourth month of the twenty-second year of Showa (April 18, 1947)
內閣総理大臣兼外務大臣 吉田茂
Countersigned: Prime Minister and concurrently Minister for Foreign Affairs YOSHIDA Shigeru
國務大臣 男爵 幣原喜重郞
Minister of State Baron SHIDEHARA Kijuro
司法大臣 木村篤太郎
Minister of Justice KIMURA Tokutaro
國務大臣 齋藤隆夫
Minister of State SAITO Takao
逓信大臣 一松定吉
Minister of Communications HITOTSUMATSU Sadayoshi
國務大臣 星島二郎
Minister of State HOSHIJIMA Niro
厚生大臣 河合良成
Minister of Welfare KAWAI Yoshinari
內務大臣 植原悦二郎
Minister for Home Affairs UEHARA Etsujiro
大藏大臣 石橋湛山
Minister of Finance ISHIBASHI Tanzan
國務大臣 金森徳次郎
Minister of State KANAMORI Tokujiro
運輸大臣 増田甲子七
Minister of Transportation MASUDA Kaneshichi
商工大臣 石井光次郎
Minister of Commerce and Industry ISHII Mitsujiro
文部大臣 高橋誠一郎
Minister of Education TAKASHI Seiichiro
農林大臣 木村小左衞門
Minister of Agriculture and Forestry KIMURA Kozaemon
Article 1. The purpose of this Law is to Provide, with respect to the Civil Code, temporary measures which are founded upon the individual dignity and the essential equality of the sexes, pursuant to the enforcement of the Constitution of Japan.
第二條 妻又は母であることに基いて法律上の能力その他を制限する規定は、これを適用しない。
Article 2. The provisions which, on the ground of the individual being wife or mother, restrict legal capacity etc. shall not be applied.
第三條 戸主、家族その他家に関する規定は、これを適用しない。
Article 3. The provisions relating to the head and members of the House and any other regulations of the House shall not be applied.
第四條 成年者の婚姻、離婚、養子縁組及び離縁については、父母の同意を要しない。
Article 4. An adult shall not be required to obtain the consent of his or her parents in respect of his or her marriage. divorce, adoption and disolution of adoptive relation.
第五條 夫婦は、その協議で定める場所に同居するものとする。
Article 5. Husband and wife shall live together at a place determined by their agreement.
夫婦の財產関係に関する規定で両性の本質的平等に反するものは、これを適用しない。
The provisions concerning the regulation of property of husband and wife which are contrary to the essential equality of the sexes shall not be applied.
In cases where either of the spouse has behaved himself or herself extremely unchaste, the other may bring an action for divorce on the ground therefor.
第六條 親権は、父母が共同してこれを行う。
Article 6. Parental powers shall be exercised jointly by the father and mother.
When a father and mother are divorced or a father has acknowledged a child, the person who shall exercise the parental power must be decided by mutual agreement. If no agreement is reached or possible, the determination shall be made by the court.
裁判所は、子の利益のために、親権者を変更することができる。
The court may alter a person who exercises parental power for the benefit of a child.
第七條 家督相続に関する規定は、これを適用しない。
Article 7. The provisions relating to the succession to the Headship of a House shall not be applied.
相続については、第八條及び第九條の規定によるの外、遺產相続に関する規定に從う。
As to the succession, the provisions relating to succession to estate shall apply, in addition to the provisions of Articles 8 and 9.
第八條 直系卑属、直系尊属及び兄弟姉妹は、その順序により相続人となる。
Article 8. Lineal descendants, lineal ascendants and brothers and sisters shall become successors in the abovementioned order.
配偶者は、常に相続人となるものとし、その相続分は、左の規定に從う。
The spouse shall always become successor and his or her share in the succession shall be determined in accordance with the following provisions:
一 直系卑属とともに相続人であるときは、三分の一とする。
1. It shall be one-third, in cases where lineal descendants are successors together with him or her;
二 直系尊属とともに相続人であるときは、二分の一とする。
2. It shall be one-half, in cases where lineal ascendants are successors together with him or her;
三 兄弟姉妹とともに相続人であるときは、三分の二とする。
3. It shall be two-thirds, in cases where brothers and sisters are successors together with him or her.
第九條 兄弟姉妹以外の相続人の遺留分の額は、左の規定に從う。
Article 9. The sum of the legally, secured portion of successors, with the exception of brothers and sisters of the person succeeded to, shall be determined in accordance with the following provisions:
1. It shall be one-half of the property of the person succeeded to, in cases where all of the successors are lineal descendants, or all of them are lineal descendants and the spouse;
二 その他の場合は、被相続人の財產の三分の一とする。
2. It shall be one-third of the property of the person succeeded to in other cases.
第十條 この法律の規定に反する他の法律の規定は、これを適用しない。
Article 10. The provisions of other laws which are contrary to the provisions of this Law shall not be applied.
附 則
Supplementary Provisions:
この法律は、日本國憲法施行の日から、これを施行する。
This Law shall come into force as from the day of the enforcement of the Constitution of Japan.
この法律は、昭和二十三年一月一日から、その効力を失う。
This Law shall lose its effect on and after January 1, 1948.